Zimbra/Carbonio – ERROR: zclient.IO_ERROR (Read timed out) (cause: java.net.SocketTimeoutException Read timed out

I was moving emails from old Zimbra installation on new Carbonio and was getting this error when trying to import user from tgz archive:

root@mail:/opt/backup# /opt/zextras/bin/zmmailbox -z -m mymail@mydomain.com postRestURL '//?fmt=tgz&resolve=skip' /opt/backup/mymail@mydomain.com.tgz
ERROR: zclient.IO_ERROR (Read timed out) (cause: java.net.SocketTimeoutException Read timed out)

There was a timeout causing this. So after quick googling around I found this solution that works:

root@mail:/opt/backup# su - zextras
zextras@mail:~$ zmlocalconfig -e socket_so_timeout=3000000

Then your restore command should work without timeout. At the end, you can reset socket_so_timeout value:

root@mail:/opt/backup# su - zextras
zmlocalconfig -u socket_so_timeout


Directadmin – server-<YOUR IP>.da.direct was skipped due to unreachableDirectadmin

I just migrated Directadmin server to a new one. On the new one, there was some temporary hostname, that I guess Directadmin provides. It was http://server-<IP ADDRESS>.da.direct. I changed hostname of machine and did everything, but wasn’t able to generate Letsencrypt certificate for my directadmin server hostname. 

When try to generate certificate I was getting error below. I rewrite configs, run changehostname.sh, did all sort of things, but wasn’t able to get pass this error:

[root@da scripts]# ./letsencrypt.sh request `hostname` 4096
Setting up certificate for a hostname: my.dahostname.com
server-1-1-1-1da.direct was skipped due to unreachable http://server-1-1-1-1.da.direct/.well-known/acme-challenge/ file.
No domains pointing to this server to generate the certificate for.

After an hour, I found this answer from gentleman named “zEitEr”. I guess, when I setup new Directadmin server on temporary IP, acme account for letsencrypt was created with directadmins temporary hostname – server-<MY IP ADDRESS>.da.direct. What I did, was removed all letsencrypt accounts and regenerated them:

[root@da ~]# rm -rf /usr/local/directadmin/data/.lego/*
[root@da scripts]# ./letsencrypt.sh request `hostname` 4096
Setting up certificate for a hostname: my.dahostname.com
2024/02/16 13:31:42 No key found for account admin@my.dahostname.comGenerating a 4096 key.
2024/02/16 13:31:45 Saved key to /usr/local/directadmin/data/.lego/accounts/acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/admin@my.dahostname.com/keys/admin@my.dahostname.com.key
2024/02/16 13:31:45 [INFO] acme: Registering account for admin@my.dahostname.com
!!!! HEADS UP !!!!

Your account credentials have been saved in your Let's Encrypt
configuration directory at "/usr/local/directadmin/data/.lego/accounts".

You should make a secure backup of this folder now. This
configuration directory will also contain certificates and
private keys obtained from Let's Encrypt so making regular
backups of this folder is ideal.
2024/02/16 13:31:45 [INFO] [my.dahostname.com] acme: Obtaining SAN certificate
2024/02/16 13:31:46 [INFO] [my.dahostname.com] AuthURL: https://acme-v02.api.letsencrypt.org/acme/authz-v3/315898412537
...
Certificate for my.dahostname.com has been created successfully!
DirectAdmin certificate has been setup.
Setting up cert for Exim...
...

Hope that helps to save some nerves. Thanks to zEitEr

Nginx Proxy Manager – lock administration on IP or password

Nginx Proxy Manager is a great tool for managing proxy vhosts. Specially useful when dealing with Docker containers. By default, you can access administration from everywhere through default port 81. Here is how you can simply lock it with password or limit it so that is accessible from specified IPs.

First login into admin panel and create Access List which will contain access rules:

You can limit to be accessible from IPS:

or with password:

Then, create a new Proxy Host that will have backend set to nginx proxy manager administration. In my case, “proxy-manager” is the host of my nginx proxy manager container. Don’t forget to set Access List to the one that we created in the previous step.

Then change value  in your docker-compose file so that port 81 will be on localhost only:

version: '4.3'
services:
proxy-manager:
image: 'jc21/nginx-proxy-manager:latest'
container_name: proxy-manager
restart: always
ports:
- "80:80" # Public HTTP Port
- "443:443" # Public HTTPS Port
- "127.0.0.1:81:81" # Admin Web Port

Administration is now reachable through subdomain https://admin.domain.com/ and only from IPs that we set in above step – or with password. It is advisable that you make some random URL like https://siudhfoisdiishjw0ion094ioejvn.domain.com when creating administration access.

Calculate average memory consumption of php-fpm processes

Here is one liner which gives you average memory consumption of php-fpm processes.

 ps --no-headers -o "rss,cmd" -C "php-fpm" |  awk '{ sum+=$1 } END { printf ("%d%s\n", sum/NR/1024,"M") }'

If you have more pools, you can grep for specific pool and get average for that one:

 ps --no-headers -o "rss,cmd" -C "php-fpm" | grep <mypool2> |  awk '{ sum+=$1 } END { printf ("%d%s\n", sum/NR/1024,"M") }'

SSH: Server refused public-key signature despite accepting key!

This will be quick one :). If you are trying to connect to a server via SSH with Putty in combination with Pageant, and you are expecting an error message in the title of this post, chances are, your version of Pageant is too old. Upgrade your Pageant to the latest version and you should be good to go.

Apache “require ip” is not working when behind proxy. How to limit website access to IP when Apache is behind proxy.

I had a case where Apache did not respect the directives in .htaccess with ‘require ip‘ and I couldn’t limit the website to certain addresses. The problem is that when Apache is behind a proxy ( HAProxy in this case ), the ‘require ip‘ will not pass the correct IP address. The correct IP address of the visitor is located in the ‘X-Forwarded-For’ variable. Therefore, .htaccess needs to be modified so that instead of ‘require ip’, it will respect another variable into which we will pass the values of ‘X-Forwarded-For’.

Below is an example of how it was solved in a case where it was necessary to request a password only if the website visitor did not come from a specific IP address which is added to the exceptions.”

Example:

<If "%{HTTP_HOST} == 'this.isnowworking.com'">
SetEnv IF_MATCHES_HOST true
AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/.htpasswd
AuthType Basic
AuthName "Restricted access"

SetEnvIF X-Forwarded-For "1.1.1.1" AllowIP
SetEnvIF X-Forwarded-For "2.2.2.2" AllowIP
SetEnvIF X-Forwarded-For "3.3.3.3" AllowIP

<RequireAny>
Require valid-user
Require env AllowIP
</RequireAny>
</If>

Directadmin – build GeoIP2 in Directadmin’s NGINX and create country blocking for vhosts.

GeoIP is super helpful if you have troubles with a lot of nasty requests from some nasty countries :). Or, sometimes, you just want to lock some website or part of it ( administration ), so that it is accessible only from your country.

Things are a little different when you are using Directadmin control panel. I had this Directadmin with NGINX reverse proxy, so all NGINX is first point for requests made on your websites. Besides SSL offloading, you can also do filtering, country blocking … before request ends on backend ( Apache ).

So, here is how you can build GeoIP2 extension into your NGINX on Directadmin. I my case, I have Nginx as reverse proxy with Apache.

Check which NGINX version is installed on your server

[root@da nginx]# nginx -v
nginx version: nginx/1.23.1

Continue Reading

How to clean Zimbra mail queue as root user

You may come across a problem when trying to clean Zimbra mail queue as Zimbra user as lack of privileges.

When trying to log in as Zimbra and run the command below, I came across a privilege’s problem as Zimbra user was unable to run postsuper command:

[zimbra@mailmachine root]$  mailq | tail -n +2 | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } / spam.user@spammer.net/ { print $1 }' | tr -d '*!' | postsuper -d -
postsuper: fatal: use of this command is reserved for the superuser

If you check mail queue as root user, you won’t see Zimbra messages. What you can do, is use binaries of Zimbra. Here is how I was able to clean mail queue with root user for Zimbra:

[root@mailmachine sbin]# /opt/zimbra/common/sbin/mailq | tail -n +2 | awk 'BEGIN { RS = "" } / spam.user@spammer.net/ { print $1 }' | tr -d '*!' | /opt/zimbra/common/sbin/postsuper -d -

postsuper: F22125044F450: removed
postsuper: F24D45044B05C: removed
postsuper: F31595048D7A0: removed
postsuper: F307B50478E75: removed
postsuper: F155F5049BCF0: removed
postsuper: F3A22504CAC00: removed
postsuper: F40E2504A3B49: removed
...

This will successfully clean Zimbra mail queue – messages from user spam.user@spammer.net. You may have different paths to your mailq and postsuper. I noticed that on some installations, path is “/opt/zimbra/postfix/sbin/postsuper”.

cPanel – Roundcube error – “Error: Server Error(OK)”

One of the email accounts suddenly experienced trouble when searching in Roundcube. After a while, error occurred to user: “Error: Server Error(OK)”. At first, I thought it was a dovecot index problem, so I regenerated them, but the error was still there. Then I thought that may be IMAP server timeout, but it wasn’t a case, because it worked in mailboxes that were larger than this one.

Inside mail log I saw error below. But the mailbox wasn’t corrupted:

[01-Dec-2022 12:22:38 Earth/Universe] Unexpected condition from IMAP server, closed or corrupt connection to IMAP. Possible mailbox corruption.

This was an error inside Roundcube error log (“/home/username/logs/roundcube/errors”). This error didn’t seemed with issue that was experienced – search error, but cPanel support stated that is related to database corruption.

[01-Dec-2022 12:23:38 Earth/Universe]: <77d0888c> DB Error: [1] no such table: collected_addresses (SQL Query: SELECT * FROM "collected_addresses" WHERE "user_id" = '1' AND "type" = '2' AND ("email" LIKE 'username@domain.com') ORDER BY "name" ASC, "email" ASC LIMIT 10) in /usr/local/cpanel/base/3rdparty/roundcube/program/lib/Roundcube/rcube_db.php on line 566 (GET /cpsess4226161538/3rdparty/roundcube/index.php?_task=addressbook&_action=photo&_email=username%40domain.com&_error=1)

So, I tried to regenerate Roundcube database for this user (and backup old one first, of course):

[root@cpanel ~]# cd /home/username/etc/domain.com/
[root@cpanel domain.com]# mv user.emailaddress.rcube.db user.emailaddress.rcube.db.backup

Then, just login into Roundcube again and, a new db file should be generated. This sorted out the issue with search functionality.

Migrate email accounts to different user account on the same cPanel server

Maybe you’ll want to merge two separate cPanel accounts on the same server, but you won’t be able to, because you can’t simply just delete domain from the first account, and you can’t add domain to the second account because it exists on the first one :).

You can migrate email and other user data simply, by creating backup of user account and delete it from cPanel. Below, I will show how to migrate just email. But you can also migrate websites like this.

  1. Make copy of primary user account (if websites, also make sure to dump databases of that user) 
    root@cpanel [/home]# cp -rp useraccount1  useraccount1.bak
  2. Make copy of email aliases of primary account so they wont get lost after delete of primary account 
    cp /etc/valiases/userdomain.com /etc/valiases/userdomain.com.bak
  3. Delete primary user account in cPanel – useraccount1 in our case
  4. Add domain of primary account to secondary account (useraccount2). Now you’ll be able to, because domain don’t exist on the system anymore.
  5. Copy settings from primary account from backup to secondary one (the one you added domain to) and set right permissions: 
    root@cpanel [/home]# cp -rp /home/useraccount1.bak/etc/userdomain.com  /home/useraccount2/etc/userdomain.com
chown -R useraccount2: /home/useraccount2/etc/userdomain.com
  6. Copy all email accounts to new account and set right permissions 
     cp -rp /home/useraccount1.bak/mail/userdomain.com /home/useraccount2/mail/userdomain.com

chown useraccount2:mail /home/useraccount2/mail/userdomain.com

chown -R useraccount2: /home/useraccount2/mail/userdomain.com/*
  7. Recreate alliases 
    cp /etc/valiases/userdomain.com.bak  /etc/valiases/userdomain.com

That’s it. You should be able to see email accounts for userdomain.com in new cPanel account. All passwords should remain the same as before.

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