With YUM, upgrading php is simple as “yum install php”. This will install latest php version on your machine. But if you have multi different php modules that aren’t part of php package (eg. gd, mysqli …), than you can use this simple one liner and install all those modules at once.
Just run this as root:
php -m | grep -v "Modules" | while read i; do yum install php-$i -y; done
This will check for all currently installed php packages and will try to upgrade them.
A few days ago I was doing complete migration of old Directadmin server to new Directadmin server which had different hostname. Everything went well but I was unable to register Letsencrypt SSL certificate for new server hostname.
I was getting error like this:
[root@myserver scripts]# ./letsencrypt.sh request my.server.com 4096 Domain does not exist on the system. Unable to find my.server.com in /etc/virtual/domainowners. Exiting... no valid domain found - exiting
First thing I did is I add new hostname as domain to user admin. Certificate was indeed registered than, but not as server hostname (/usr/local/directadmin/conf/cacert.pem). I deleted domain than.
After a little search I found out that I forgot to change servername variable in directadmin.conf. So I changed it, restart directadmin but I was getting the same error. At the end I found out that the easiest way to fix this is to change hostname in Directadmin administration.
This time, certificate was registered successfully.
[root@myserver scripts]# ./letsencrypt.sh request my.server.com 4096 Setting up certificate for a hostname: my.server.com Generating 4096 bit RSA key for let's encrypt account... openssl genrsa 4096 > "/usr/local/directadmin/conf/letsencrypt.key" Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus ...
[kofi]
If you see error like this in your mail logs, than chances are that your ClamAV is not able to process attachments files larger than limit set in clamav configuration. In this case, sender which sent email with larger attachment to your server, will get something like this in respond:
[10.10.10.10] #<[10.10.10.10] #5.0.0 smtp; 5.4.7 - Delivery expired (message too old) [Default] 451-'Temporary local problem - please try later' (delivery attempts: 75)> #SMTP#
In your mail log you’ll see something like this:
+++ 1e248B-000NMy-T6 has not completed +++ 1969-08-15 01:40:21 1e248B-000NMy-T6 malware acl condition: clamd : unable to send file body to socket (127.0.0.1) 1969-08-25 01:40:21 1e248B-000NMy-T6 H=some.hostname.com [1.1.1.1] X=TLSv1:RC4-SHA:128 CV=no F=<prvs=449d2f142=senders@email.com> temporarily rejected after DATA
To solve this, open your clamav.conf file (/etc/clamav.conf or find your location) and change value for StreamMaxLength according to your needs. Default value is 25M.
Don’t forget to restart your ClamAV.
Letsencrypt is a revolutionary step forward on web security. Free, valid SSL certificates for everyone. I won’t write about how to install and config letsencrypt on Directadmin machine. I will show only how to generate and install letsencrypt certificate on your Directadmin hostname.
When you installed Letsencrypt on Directadmin and tried to install certificate for your server hostname, there is a possibility that you came to this problem: HTTP/1.1 400 Bad Request
Just do this:
cd /usr/local/directadmin/custombuild ./build update ./build letsencrypt
And than install certificate on your server hostname:
/usr/local/directadmin/scripts/letsencrypt.sh request my.serverhostname.com 4096
Open your Directadmin configuration file and change
SSL=0 to SSL=1
Also add this:
carootcert=/usr/local/directadmin/conf/carootcert.pem
Restart your Directadmin and you should be set.
By default, when you add new user in Directadmin, Spamassassin is disabled. Some users are not aware about Spamassassin, so they’ll have it disabled and will receiving a lot of spam. It is good practice to enable Spamassassin by default and also set some settings. You can do that by adding below code in your /usr/local/directadmin/scripts/custom/user_create_post.sh script. The first step is well described on Directadmin documentation. But you may also want to define some parameters for Spamassassin when user is created. It’s really simple. You can do that by manipulating filter.conf file. Steps below are preformed on Directadmin running on FreeBSD. It should be the same for Linux also.
If your files contain whitespaces in their names, it can sometimes be a real pain. Expressly if you are on Linux or Unix systems. I had some problems when running rsync for backup my files. Files with whitespace were causing problems. So bellow is simple command that will remove all whitespace and replace them with “_”. You can change to any symbol that you like. I example bellow, I was searching for all jpg files.
find . -type f -name "* *.jpg" -exec bash -c 'mv "$0" "${0// /_}"' {} \;
When dealing with cPanel/Directadmin that contains a lot of users, you need some control of what those users are uploading. Web hosting accounts should be used just for that, hosting websites, and not as data storage – in most cases. Sometimes you even offer packets with unlimited disk capacity but you don’t want that users are storing movies and all kind of other unnecessary files that don’t belong on web hosting account. From web hosting perspective, in most cases, any single file that exceeds 100M is usually not part of website and is just laying there, wasting your precious disk space. In cases like this, account is used as backup service. You’ll be able to find all kind of files. Movies, music, applications, archives …
So you may want to have some reports on regular basis that gives you list of all files that exceed some maximum allowed file size limit – defined by you. Personaly, I scan on interval of 7 days for all files that exceed size of 300M. I created a simple script that will do just that. It will check your /home directory for all files that exceed size that you defined. At the end, report will be sent to your email. You can also scan other directory beside /home if you wish.
This user cpanel account reached disk quota limit and mail stopped working. User deleted about 4G of emails and released some disk space. Problem was that he still wasn’t able to login to webmail. This error was shown:
internal server error 500 user is over quota cpanel
It didn’t make sense since he released his disk space. Cpanels quota was showing new value, but login to webmail was still impossible.
What you have to do is remove cpanels overquota file manually. Let’s say that user user4 is having issue described above.
root@cpanel [~]# cd /var/cpanel/overquota/ root@cpanel [/var/cpanel/overquota]# ls ./ ../ user1 user2 user3 user4 root@cpanel [/var/cpanel/overquota]# rm user4
After I deleted /var/cpanel/overquota/user4, webmail was started to working again.
Sed is great command to use. I was writing some bash script and I needed to replace some strings in file with string saved in variable.
sed “s/string1/$string2/g; s/string3/$string4/g” $CFGFILE
When executed, script was returning this error:
[root@vincentvega]# ./myscript sed: -e expression #1, char 14: unknown option to `s'
After googling around for a while I figured out that / was causing the problem. So I replaced / with | and now works fine. I think that you can also use some other char than | if you want.
sed “s|string1|$string2|g; s|string3|$string4|g” $CFGFILE
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